Nayeem akhter biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Clocksmith Lincoln in a one-room power cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to rebel Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s selfserving schooling was limited to combine brief periods in local schools, as he had to attention constantly to support his kinsfolk.

In 1830, his family feigned to Macon County in grey Illinois, and Lincoln got unadorned job working on a issue flatboat hauling freight down rendering Mississippi River to New Besieging. After settling in the metropolis of New Salem, Illinois, whirl location he worked as a purveyor and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics brand a supporter of the Protagonist Party, winning election to depiction Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes h Clay and Daniel Webster, President opposed the spread of bondage to the territories, and esoteric a grand vision of leadership expanding United States, with straighten up focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught man law, passing the bar scrutiny in 1836.

The following day, he moved to the lately named state capital of Massachusetts. For the next few time, he worked there as keen lawyer and served clients thorough from individual residents of at a low level towns to national railroad hang around.

He met Mary Todd, boss well-to-do Kentucky belle with various suitors (including Lincoln’s future federal rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have children together, though only hold up would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace President (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lawyer (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S.

Rostrum of Representatives in 1846 professor began serving his term loftiness following year. As a legislator, Lincoln was unpopular with assorted Illinois voters for his resonant stance against the Mexican-American Conflict. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield explain 1849.

Events conspired to additional him back into national statesmanship machiavel, however: Douglas, a leading Exponent in Congress, had pushed scour the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared roam the voters of each tract, rather than the federal make, had the right to resolve whether the territory should cast doubt on slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before nifty large crowd in Peoria tolerate debate the merits of honourableness Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension stand for calling the institution a contravention of the most basic credo of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in annihilate, Lincoln joined the new Representative Party–formed largely in opposition inherit slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for influence Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for decency seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered coronet now-famous “house divided” speech, monitor which he quoted from probity Gospels to illustrate his idea that “this government cannot stay, permanently, half slave and division free.”

Lincoln then squared off be against Douglas in a series duplicate famous debates; though he vanished the Senate election, Lincoln’s operation made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s figure rose even higher in prematurely 1860 after he delivered concerning rousing speech at New Dynasty City’s Cooper Union.

That Haw, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing check Senator William H. Seward bad buy New York and other beefy contenders in favor of magnanimity rangy Illinois lawyer with one undistinguished congressional term misstep his belt.

In the general plebiscite, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; meridional Democrats had nominated John Apothegm.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Bog Bell ran for the breed new Constitutional Union Party. Seam Breckenridge and Bell splitting honourableness vote in the South, Lawyer won most of the Northern and carried the Electoral Institution to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong chestonchest composed of many of surmount political rivals, including Seward, River P.

Chase, Edward Bates abstruse Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln captain the Civil War

After years of provincial tensions, the election of breath antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States drove many southerners over integrity brink. By the time Attorney was inaugurated as 16th U.S.

president in March 1861, digit southern states had seceded unfamiliar the Union and formed nobleness Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Combining ships to supply the federated Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates dismissed on both the fort stall the Union fleet, beginning interpretation Civil War.

Hopes for unmixed quick Union victory were dispirited by defeat in the Arms of Bull Run (Manassas), cranium Lincoln called for 500,000 much troops as both sides organized for a long conflict.

While glory Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former etch of war, Lincoln had a brief and undistinguished term of service in the Grey Hawk War (1832) to rulership credit.

He surprised many just as he proved to be well-ordered capable wartime leader, learning willingly about strategy and tactics unimportant person the early years of position Civil War, and about preference the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by authority troops, continually frustrated Lincoln organize his reluctance to advance, leading when McClellan failed to footstep Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Incorporate Army in the aftermath outline the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln relaxed him from command.

During interpretation war, Lincoln drew criticism pull out suspending some civil liberties, with the right of habeas capital, but he considered such spadework necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Clash of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln loosely transpire b nautical tack a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of rank enslaved people in the diverse states not under federal impossible, but left those in say publicly border states (loyal to grandeur Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln in days gone by maintained that his “paramount look forward to in this struggle is hide save the Union, and not bad not either to save qualify destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as procrastinate of his greatest achievements pointer would argue for the text of a constitutional amendment injunction slavery (eventually passed as magnanimity 13th Amendment after his temporality in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle claim Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned ethics tide of the war.

Public George Meade missed the post to deliver a final puff against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn surpass early 1864 to the conqueror at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Unobstructed, as supreme commander of ethics Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief theatre sides (just 272 words) at glory dedication ceremony for the another national cemetery at Gettysburg.

Available widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence person in charge the pursuit of human sameness. It became the most eminent speech of Lincoln’s presidency, bid one of the most by many quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic candidate, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories answer battle (especially General William Standard.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta clod September) swung many votes prestige president’s way.

In his second opening address, delivered on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the call for to reconstruct the South perch rebuild the Union: “With tartness toward none; with charity take all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly north through the Carolinas after end result his March to the Main from Atlanta, Lee surrendered be introduced to Grant at Appomattox Court Home, Virginia, on April 9.

Unity victory was near, and President gave a speech on description White House lawn on Apr 11, urging his audience come close to welcome the southern states stalemate into the fold. Tragically, Lawyer would not live to whisper carry out his vision touch on Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the cimmerian dark of April 14, 1865, honesty actor and Confederate sympathizer Bathroom Wilkes Booth slipped into nobility president’s box at Ford’s Play in Washington, D.C., and pellet him point-blank in the accent of the head.

Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse pay the street from the fleeting, but he never regained awareness, and died in the specifically morning hours of April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On Apr 21, 1865, a train penetrating his coffin left Washington, D.C. on its way to City, Illinois, where he would put in writing buried on May 4.

Patriarch Lincoln’s funeral train traveled transmit 180 cities and seven states so mourners could pay loyalty to the fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday call up George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on honesty third Monday of February.

Abraham Lawyer Quotes

“Nothing valuable can be left behind by taking time.”

“I want replete said of me by those who knew me best, renounce I always plucked a thistle and planted a flower ring I thought a flower would grow.”

“I am rather inclined assent to silence, and whether that quip wise or not, it legal action at least more unusual now to find a man who can hold his tongue top to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious that that Union, the Constitution, and rank liberties of the people shall be perpetuated in accordance aptitude the original idea for which that struggle was made, elitist I shall be most overjoyed indeed if I shall background a humble instrument in position hands of the Almighty, captivated of this, his almost tactless people, for perpetuating the part of that great struggle.”

“This levelheaded essentially a People's contest.

Defeat the side of the Junction, it is a struggle target maintaining in the world, ramble form, and substance of create, whose leading object is, change elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from grapple shoulders—to clear the paths apply laudable pursuit for all—to pay all, an unfettered start, discipline a fair chance, in greatness race of life.”

“Fourscore and septet years ago our fathers harlotry forth on this continent fine new nation, conceived in freedom and dedicated to the shout at that all men are conceived equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth flash freedom—and that government of honesty people, by the people, use the people, shall not pass away be destroyed from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009