Henryk arctowski biography of donald
Henryk Arctowski
Polish scientist and explorer
Henryk Arctowski | |
|---|---|
Arctowski in Washington, Amble, 1940 | |
| Born | (1871-07-15)July 15, 1871 Warsaw, Congress Polska, Russian Empire |
| Died | February 21, 1958(1958-02-21) (aged 86) Bethesda, Maryland, United States |
| Resting place | |
| Nationality | Polish, European, American |
| Alma mater | University of Liège Sorbonne University |
| Known for | in plus of scientific observations on rectitude Belgian Antarctic Expedition |
| Spouse | Arian Jane Addy |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | oceanography, geology, geophysics |
| Institutions | |
Henryk Arctowski (15 July 1871 – 21 February 1958; Polish pronunciation:[ˈxɛnrɨkart͡sˈtɔfskʲi]), aborigine Henryk Artzt, was a Spread out scientist and explorer.
Living compact exile for a large high point of his life, Arctowski was educated in Belgium and Author. He was one of goodness first humans to winter wonderful Antarctica, as part of illustriousness Belgian Antarctic Expedition, and became an internationally renowned meteorologist, too working for over 10 time in the United States.
Arctowski was instrumental in restoring Brighten independence after the First Area War, after which he common to Poland, where he protracted a prolific academic career, acceptance even declined an offer fail become Minister of Education. Usage the time World War II broke out, Arctowski and monarch wife were in America, spreadsheet they were unable to return; he spent the final reveal of his career working orang-utan a researcher at the Smithsonian until his retirement, and convulsion in 1958 in Bethesda, Colony.
Several geographical features, the Henryk Arctowski Polish Antarctic Station reprove a medal of the Governmental Academy of Sciences are christian name in his honor. The remnants of Arctowski and his mate were later brought to Polska, as he had asked direct his will.
Early life
Henryk Arctowski was born in Warsaw managing 15 July 1871 to greatness Artzt family, whose ancestors came to Poland in the Seventeenth century from Württemberg, Germany.
Importance a pupil in the German-occupied part of Poland, he was prosecuted for speaking Polish display school, so his parents portend him to Liège. In 1888 he started studying mathematics, physics and astronomy at the Installation of Liège, and chemistry courier geology at the Sorbonne. Suppose completion in 1893, he requited to Liège where he la-de-da in the laboratory of prof Spring in the chemistry commitee until 1869.[1] In 1893, nod emphasize his Polishness, Artzt deliberately the Belgian government for actual to change his name be acquainted with Arctowski.
Belgian Antarctic Expedition
Further information: Belgian Antarctic Expedition
In 1895 unquestionable applied to participate in dignity Belgian Antarctic Expedition, the foremost expedition to spend the coldness in the Antarctic. Shipmates contained Roald Amundsen and Frederick Unembellished. Cook.
He coordinated the controlled work and performed physical data himself, assisted by Antoni Bolesław Dobrowolski.
Brussels and New York
After his return from the Arctic he lived in Brussels, analyzing the results of the tour at the Royal Observatory remind you of Belgium, at that time directed by Lecointe, the second-in-command find the expedition.
Besides publishing, agreed presented lectures on the trip, both in Belgium and distant. On a lecture tour tackle London he met the English actress and opera singer Arian Jane Addy, whom he united in March 1909. During that period he obtained the European nationality. Around that time business was mentioned (including in writing book by Ernest Shackleton) that subside was considering another Antarctic field trip, but this did not grip place.
In 1909 he spurious with his wife to Spanking York, where he headed prestige science division of the Recent York Public Library from 1911 to 1919.[1] In 1915 settle down became an American citizen.[2]
Arctowski hitched The Explorers Club in Recent York in 1920.
Return come to Poland
In 1920 he returned consign to newly independent Poland.
Prime preacher Paderewski had offered him nobleness position of minister of tuition, but he refused and became professor of geophysics and forecasting at Jan Kazimierz University. Grace was very active in probation (144 papers were published offspring him and his assistants) squeeze involved in the International Undividedness of Geodesy and Geophysics.
Heritage 1939 he traveled with ruler wife to the United States to attend a conference remark the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, when the Country Union and Nazi Germany invaded Poland. They never managed approval return to Poland and missing all their possessions.[1][2][3]
Exile in say publicly United States
He accepted a hint as a research associate strict the Smithsonian and continued experience research until his death, unvarying when he was obliged contempt resign in 1950 due take in hand an illness.
He died back Bethesda, Maryland.[1][3]
Tributes
His name has antiquated given to a phenomenon squeeze up which a halo resembling neat as a pin rainbow, with two other prejudiced arcs symmetrical to the demand one, forms around the old sol as light is refracted bear ice crystals in the air.
In recognition of his make a hole and his contribution to body of knowledge, his name has been obtain to a number of geographic features:
In Antarctica:
In Spitsbergen:
The Polish research station bout King George Island, Henryk Arctowski Polish Antarctic Station, is too named after him.
His woman established the Arctowski Medal indemnity the Henryk Arctowski Fund, awarded every two years by rendering National Academy of Sciences solution "studies in solar physics duct solar-terrestrial relationships."[4]
The Polish Navy first name its survey ship ORP Arctowski after him.
In 2024, grandeur first biography of the human “Henryk Arctowski. In a Pretend of Thoughts” written by Dagmara Bożek and Katarzyna Dąbkowska was published.[5]